- Builds Lean Muscle Mass
- Eliminates Muscle Soreness
- “No Crash” Energy
- Bundle-n-Save Discount
INCLUDING CLINICAL PROVEN DOSING OF:
- 6g L-Citrulline Malate
- 3200mg CarnoSyn® Beta-Alanine
- 2g CON-CRET® Creatine HCL
- 1500mg L-Tyrosine
- 2500mg Betaine
- 3g Taurine
- 1g Choline Bitrate
- 2g L-Valine
- 200mg Caffeine
- 10g L-Glutamine
- 10g L-Leucine
- 2g LCLT
- 200mg L-Theanine
- 2g L-Isoleucine
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MUSCLE STACK
ATHLEAN-RX
After experiencing burnout trying to workout and work a physical job with alot of hours, this product helped me bounce back and sustain the high quality effort needed to build muscle and increase performance. Definitely worth it
I ordered the base stack with the 30g protein. BEST CHOCOLATE PROTEIN I’ve tasted and not to mention how well it works. The pre I ordered works very well and has me feeling caffeinated almost instantly and doesn’t leave me feeling tired the rest of the day. The post I got was the piña colada, very good and left me feeling great and not as sore the next morning. Over all great stack. I would definitely recommend it.
I’m actually writing this review on the PRO-30G rather than the bundle because I can’t find anywhere to post a review for the PRO-30G. If you’ve not tried the PRO-30G, you MUST! I’ve been wanting to try the AX Supplements for a long time, but the flavors have always been tart and sour, and I just don’t like anything tart and sour. I’ve been (im)patiently waiting for either unflavored supplements or something sweet (but not crazy sweet), namely the French Vanilla and the unexpected but downright delicious Chocolate Fudge Brownie. As soon as I saw those flavors had been added, I grabbed them. To be honest, I didn’t expect they’d be anything different than all the other protein powders out there. As much as I love AX everything, how can you really improve protein powder? Wow was I wrong! This is a MUST MUST MUST! Just look at the ingredients compared to, say, 1st Phorm. I’ve been using 1st Phorm products for awhile, but their protein powder contains so much soy, it’s ridiculous, and the flavor is off, not to mention it clumps when mixed. I’ve tried other brands, and it’s worse. PRO-30G is a dream come true. It tastes AMAZING. The powder is incredibly fine and doesn’t clump. The amount of protein per price is the best out there. Color me surprised, as well, when the entire bag was full, not like everyone else does where you get this big container that’s only a quarter full. This was filled to the brim. The ingredients, though. Have you looked at the ingredients!? That’s the real selling feature. Ingredient comparison is the BIG winner. Hands down the best protein on the market. If you’ve not tried PRO-30G, do it. Total gamechanger. I’m FINALLY getting enough protein. There’s only so many steaks I can eat in a day, and I definitely don’t want soy-based protein masquerading as whey. THANK YOU, Coach Cavalier for the best protein on the market!
I highly recommend this product to anyone looking for supplements that actually work.
The jolly watermelon flavor was amazing
My name is Biagio, and bought RX base stack. I find it very good in taste and of excellent quality, if RX2 were more abundant I wouldn’t mind.
I’ve been working out on Jeff’s NXT/BEAXST programs for 2 years now taking all 3 supplements along the way. I’ve never looked and felt better. Great ingredients and taste!
These supplements help me recover and maintain a daily brutal routine. They taste great and absolutely deliver as promised.
So I have tried workout supplements before and none seem to have any real impact on me losing weight or working out. Jeff’s 1 below Zero program has made huge differences in the way I feel and my weight in only 3 weeks. I noticed though I was starting to struggle in recovery and gains though so I figured I would give his base stack a try. Wow, What a difference. The Xcite(RX1) formula had a mild effect it seemed for me but I am very over weight so that could be a factor. The XLR8(RX2) had a huge impact as not only did it make me feel full after drinking it post workout with a meal ,but as a diabetic I get hunger urges at night however with this I had no hunger urges at all. Lastly Reconstru(RX3) formula I can not say enough good things about as I was truly amazed waking up next morning WITHOUT sore muscles or extreme stiffness. I did light stretching and I can tell I did a full body work out but the normal negative effects have almost all been eliminated. I will never again work out without taking this combination and I highly recommend anyone using the Zero program to try it if you have not. If you are serious it is completely worth the money although I will say Crisp Green apple tastes horrible so I am glad the formula works because it is the only sugarless flavor the store has. Sour apple in RX1 tastes like green apple War head candy which I like. Strawberry Banana RX2 is awsome but mix it slowly or it clumps up.
My first experience with the stack was the raspberry lemonade reconstruction or RX3, and the taste was so potent and nasty it was a challenge to swallow it all. (I will also add that I’m not picky) I do not recommend that flavor. the taste of the pre work out and protein powder were pleasant. This review has nothing to do with the positive effects the stack has, just flavor alone.
I bought the base stack and have found that these products make my workouts easier and allow me to keep the intensity for longer. So far these products have not let me down. I am very picky about what supplements I use and like to research all of the ingredients and its nice that they include a cited page on their research on some of their products; makes it a lot easier to research.
The Power
After taking X-CITE, you’ll feel a clean rush of energy - absent any of the jitters or dreaded crash associated with cheaper supplements. Intense pumps will help you feel the mind muscle connection that is crucial for forcing all new muscle growth. An increase in focus, endurance and less intra-workout fatigue ensures you’ll stay fresh set after set to keep your intensity high. Our post-workout protein PRO-30G delivers 30g of high quality protein to optimize muscle recovery and ensure you’re meeting your nutritional requirements for maximum gains. Finally, to make sure you’re ready for the next workout, RECONSTRUXION will combat the unwanted effects of muscle soreness while you sleep, speeding up muscle protein repair - making sure you’re fully recovered and ready for your next intense workout.
The Science
Years of research and planning went into the formulation of ATHLEAN-RX Supplements. Not only did we make sure to include the most scientifically proven and trusted ingredients during their development, but our commitment to constantly updating our formulas to reflect the latest advancements in sports nutritional science has and always will be our top priority. We set an amazingly high bar for quality supplementation, continuing to test and retest our formulas based on the feedback of some of the world’s greatest professional athletes as well as our loyal customers. What you have before you is the result of our obsession...the best supplements available on the market, not just in efficacy and performance - but in taste and reliability as well.
The Facts
All of ATHLEAN-RX supplements have been researched to provide clinically proven dosages of the most effective supplement ingredients in the world. We never use fillers, harsh chemicals or banned substances which is why our customers never experience jitters, crashes, or bloat common in lesser quality brands. Our supplements include premium, patented ingredients such as CarnoSyn® Beta-Alanine as well as creatine in its more readily absorbable state (as CON-CRET® patented Creatine Hydrochloride), to ensure you’re getting the best product on the market,
All of our supplements are proudly produced in the United States to the highest industry standards. Our commitment to transparency and quality has RX supplements trusted by many of the top teams and athletes in major league sports subject to the most rigid drug testing standards.
The Results
Our base stack is built off of the key ingredients I used to build my physique, and features everything you need for intense workouts and fast recovery. When purchased as a bundle, you will receive the highest discount I can provide. Purchasing the individual ingredients of all included in the RX Base Stack, in their effective dosages would be far more costly and time consuming for the user. My goal was to create a 3 step formula that was simple to administer and left nothing out when it comes to delivering you the best results from your hard training. For serious athletes on a budget there’s nothing better.
"For anyone serious about building muscle and maximizing the hard efforts of our training, it’s not a question of should I take supplements but rather which supplements to take. I created the RX supplements to be everything I wished I had when I was building my physique but wasn’t available at the time."
— Jeff Cavaliere M.S.P.T, CSCS
Research suggests that L-Carnitine L-Tartrate improves muscle recovery and repair times. This is probably due to a boost in nitric oxide (NO) production, which improves blood flow and oxygen consumption in the muscles. LCLT also increases androgen receptors in the muscle cells, which means more testosterone is recruited to build muscle.
- Improves muscle recovery and repair between training sessions (probably due to a boost in Nitric Oxide and an increase in muscle oxygen consumption)
- Increases androgen receptors in muscle cells, thereby recruiting more testosterone to build muscle
- Improves insulin sensitivity
2 GRAMS
LCLT Clinical Studies & References
REFERENCES
L-Carnitine L-Tartrate
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Kong, W., Chen, S., et al. Effects of Taurine on Rat Behaviors in Three Anxiety Models. Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior. February 2006. 83(2), 271-276.
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El Idrissi, A., Goukarrou, L., et al. Effects of Taurine on Anxiety-Like and Locomotor Behavior of Mice. Advances in Experimental Medicines and Biology. 2009. 643, 207-215.
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Sung, M., Chang, K. Dietary Taurine and Nutrients Intake and Anthropometric and Body Composition Data by Abdominal Obesity in Korean Male College Student. Advances in Experimental Medicines and Biology. 2009. 643, 429-435.
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Du., H., You, J., et al. Antiobesity and Hypolipidemic Effects of Lotus Leaf Hot Water Extract with Taurine Supplementation in Rats Fed a High Fat Diet. Journal of Biomedical Sciences. 2010. 17 Suppl 1, S42.
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Solon, C., Franci, D., et al. Taurine Enhances the Anorexigenic Effects of Insulin in the Hypothalamus of Rats. Amino acids. 2011. Published Ahead of Print.
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Arruda, A., Milanski, M., et al. Low-Grade Hypothalamic Inflammation Leads to Defective Thermogenesis, Insulin Resistance and Impaired Insulin Secretion. Endocrinology. April 2011. 152(4), 1314-1320.
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Pina-Zentella, G., de la Rosa, C., et al. Taurine in Adipocytes, Prevents Insulin-Mediated H2O Generation and Activates Pka and Lipolysis. Amino acids. May 2011. Published ahead of Print.
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Tito, T., Shaffer, S., et al. The Potential Usefulness of Taurine on Diabetes and its Complications. Amino acids. March 2011. Published Ahead of Print.
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Ricci, L., Valoti, M., et al. Taurine-Like GABA Aminotransferase Inhibitors Prevent Rabbit Brain Slices Against Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation Induced Damage. Amino Acids. June 2011. Published Ahead of Print.
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Genitle, C., Nivala, A., et al. Experimental Evidence of Therapeutic Potential of Taurine in the Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. American Journal of Physiology. December 2011. Published ahead of Print.
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Madani, Z., Louchami, K., et al. Dietary Sardine Protein Lowers Insulin Resistance, Leptin and TNF and Beneficially affects adipose Tissue Oxidative Stress in Rats with Fructose-Induced Metabolic Syndrome. International Journal of Molecular Medicine. February 2012. 29(2), 311-318.
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Yatabe, Y., Miyakawa, S., et al. Effects of Taurine Administration on Exercise. Advances in Experimental Medicines and Biology. 2009. 643, 245-255.
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Rutherford, J., Spriet, L., et al. The Effect of Acute Taurine Ingestion on Endurance Performance and Metabolism in Well-Trained Cyclists. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. August 2010. 20(4), 322-329.
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Hamilton, E., Berg, HJ., et al. The Effect of Taurine Depletion on the Contractile Properties and Fatigue in Fast-Twitch Skeletal Muscle of the Mouse. Amino acids. October 2001. 31(3), 273-280.
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Silva, L., Silveira, P., et al. Taurine Supplementation Decreases Oxidative Stress in Skeletal Muscle After Eccentric Exercise. Cell Biochemistry and Function. January 2011. 29(1), 43-49.
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Beyranvand, M., Khalafi, M., et al. Effect of Taurine Supplementation on Exercise Capacity of Patients with Heart Failure. Journal of Cardiology. May 2011. 57(3), 333-335.
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Rahman, M., Park, H., et al. Taurine Prevents Hypertension and Increases Exercise Capacity in Rats with Fructose-Induced Hypertension. American Journal of Hypertension. May 2011. 24(5), 574-580.
L-Leucine
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The Influence of Oral L-Glutamine Supplementation on Muscle Strength Recovery and Soreness Following Unilateral Knee Extension Eccentric Exercise
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A Multi-Ingredient Containing Carbohydrate, Proteins L-Glutamine and L-Carnitine Attenuates Fatigue Perception with No Effect on Performance, Muscle Damage or Immunity in Soccer Players
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http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0125188
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Carvalho-Peixoto J, Alves RC, Cameron LC Glutamine and carbohydrate supplements reduce ammonemia increase during endurance field exercise . Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. (2007)
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MacLean DA, Graham TE, Saltin B. Branched-chain amino acids augment ammonia metabolism while attenuating protein breakdown during exercise. Am J Physiol 1994;267:E1010-22.
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Mittleman KD, Ricci MR, Bailey SP. Branched-chain amino acids prolong exercise during heat stress in men and women. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1998;30:83-91.
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Blomstrand E, Hassmen P, Ekblom B, et al. Administration of branched-chain amino acids during sustained exercise-effects on performance and on plasma concentration of some amino acids. Eur J Appl Physiol 1991;63:83-8.
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Plaitakis A, Smith J, Mandeli J, et al. Pilot trial of branched-chain amino acids in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Lancet 1988;1:1015-8.
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Soreide E, Skeie B, Kirvela O, et al. Branched-chain amino acid in chronic renal failure patients: respiratory and sleep effects. Kidney Int 1991;40:539-43.
L-Glutamine
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Supplementation "Bodybuilding For You", 2002
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Glutamine FAQ's "The Ministry of Fitness", 2000
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Glutamine Q&A "Pas-Fitness", New Castle, DE, 2002
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"The Healing Nutrients Within", E R Braverman & C C Pfeiffer, Keats, 1987.
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Elia M, Lunn PG. The use of glutamine in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders in man. Nutrition, 13;7-8:743-747 1997.
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Keast D, et al. depression of plasma glutamine concentration after exercise stress and its possible influence on the immune system. Med J Aust, 162;1:15-18 1995.
- Quest Health Library, "l-glutamine", 2000.
Betaine Anhydrous
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Lee E.C., et al. Ergogenic effects of betaine supplementation on strength and power performance. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2010 Jul 19; 7: 27.
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Trepanowski, J. F, et al. The effects of chronic betaine supplementation on exercise performance, skeletal muscle oxygen saturation and associated biochemical parameters in resistance trained men. J Strength Cond Res. 2011 Dec; 25(12): 3461-71
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Pryor, J. L., et al. Effect of betaine supplementation on cycling sprint performance. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2012 Apr 3; 9(1): 12.
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Apicella, J. M., et al. Betaine supplementation enhances anabolic endocrine and Akt signaling in response to acute bouts of exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2013 Mar; 113(3): 793-802.
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Cholewa, J. M., et al. Effects of betaine on body composition, performance, and homocysteine thiolactone. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2013 Aug 22; 10(1): 39.
L-Theanine
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Anti-stress effect of theanine on students during pharmacy practice: Positive correlation among salivary α-amylase activity, trait anxiety and subjective stress
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Psychological effects of dietary components of tea: caffeine and L-theanine
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The effects of L-theanine, caffeine and their combination on cognition and mood
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Effects of L-theanine or caffeine intake on changes in blood pressure under physical and psychological stresses
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Method of treating extreme physical or mental stress using L-theanine to obtain accelerated regeneration
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L-theanine and caffeine in combination affect human cognition as evidenced by oscillatory alpha-band activity and attention task performance
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L-Theanine promotes nitric oxide production in endothelial cells through eNOS phosphorylation
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L-theanine, a natural constituent in tea, and its effect on mental state.
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Assessing the effects of caffeine and theanine on the maintenance of vigilance during a sustained attention task.
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L-theanine and caffeine improve task switching but not intersensory attention or subjective alertness.
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The effects of L-theanine on alpha-band oscillatory brain activity during a visuo-spatial attention task.
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L-Theanine extends lifespan of adult Caenorhabditis elegans
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Eschenauer, Gregory, and Burgunda V. Sweet. "Pharmacology And Therapeutic Uses Of Theanine." American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy 63.1 (2006): 26. Academic Search
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Elite. Web. 12 Sept. 2012
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Improving mental regeneration after physical exercise
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Herbal Extracts and Phytochemicals: Plant Secondary Metabolites and the Enhancement of Human Brain Function
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http://www.smarternootropics.com/table-of-contents/l-theanine/
Glycine
- Bannai M, Kawai N, Ono K, Nakahara K, Murakami N. The effects of glycine on subjective daytime performance in partially sleep-restricted healthy volunteers. Front Neurol. 2012 Apr 18;3:61. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2012.00061. PMID: 22529837; PMCID: PMC3328957.
- Effects of glycine ingestion on sleep quality in healthy volunteers. Wada, M., Mori, H., Watanabe, Y., Nakayama, K., Hayakawa, T., & Takahashi, M. (2009). Journal of sleep research, 18(1), 130-136.
- Glycine ingestion improves subjective sleep quality in human volunteers, correlating with polysomnographic changes. Yamada, W., Inagawa, K., Chiba, S., Bannai, M., Takahashi, M., & Nakayama, K. (2007). Journal of clinical sleep medicine, 3(5), 349-353.
- The effects of glycine on sleep quality in healthy adults. Takahashi, M., Wada, M., Mori, H., Watanabe, Y., Nakayama, K., Hayakawa, T., & Kuno, S. (2007). Sleep medicine, 8(7), 698-703.
- Glycine improves sleep quality in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. Nagata, K., Yamada, T., Nagata, A., Kito, M., & Takeuchi, T. (2013). Journal of sleep research, 22(4), 428-432.
- The effects of glycine on sleep quality in patients with chronic kidney disease. Mori, H., Takahashi, M., Wada, M., Watanabe, Y., Nakayama, K., Hayakawa, T., & Kuno, S. (2008). Sleep medicine, 9(1), 109-114.
REFERENCES
Kre-Alkalyn
- Nutritional supplement for increased muscle size and strength for body builders
- Effects of creatine monohydrate and polyethylene glycosylated creatine supplementation on muscular strength, endurance, and power output
- Food supplement for increasing lean mass and strength
- Effects of Creatine Monohydrate vs. Creatine Hydrochloride on Muscle EndurancePerformance
- Creatine HCl and Creatine Monohydrate Improve Strength but Only Creatine HCl Induced Changes on Body Composition in Recreational Weightlifters
- Creatine supplementation increases glycogen storage but not GLUT-4 expression in human skeletal muscle
- Creatine supplementation with specific view to exercise/sports performance: an update
- The effect of an alkaline buffered creatine (Kre-Alkalyn®), on cell membrane behavior, protein synthesis, and cisplatin-mediated cellular toxicity
- CREATINE: WHY USE IT? SCIENTIFIC SUPPORT TO BACK ITS BENEFITS
- Effect of creatine supplementation on body composition and performance: a meta-analysis.
- Effect of creatine and beta-alanine supplementation on performance and endocrine responses in strength/power athletes.
- Effects of two and five days of creatine loading on muscular strength and anaerobic power in trained athletes.
- Effects of creatine supplementation and resistance training on muscle strength and weightlifting performance.
- Effect of creatine phosphate supplementation on anaerobic working capacity and body weight after two and six days of loading in men and women.
- Combined creatine and sodium bicarbonate supplementation enhances interval swimming.
- Effect of two and five days of creatine loading on anaerobic working capacity in women.
- Effects of high dose oral creatine supplementation on anaerobic capacity of elite wrestlers.
- Effects of four weeks of high-intensity interval training and creatine supplementation on critical power and anaerobic working capacity in college-aged men.
- The effects of creatine loading and gender on anaerobic running capacity.
- Effect of short-term creatine supplementation on markers of skeletal muscle damage after strenuous contractile activity.
- The effect of creatine supplementation upon inflammatory and muscle soreness markers after a 30km race.
- Muscle glycogen supercompensation is enhanced by prior creatine supplementation.
- Creatine supplementation affects muscle creatine during energy restriction.
- Effects of creatine monohydrate and polyethylene glycosylated creatine supplementation on muscular strength, endurance, and power output. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19387397
Betaine Anhydrous
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Lee E.C., et al. Ergogenic effects of betaine supplementation on strength and power performance. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2010 Jul 19; 7: 27.
-
Trepanowski, J. F, et al. The effects of chronic betaine supplementation on exercise performance, skeletal muscle oxygen saturation and associated biochemical parameters in resistance trained men. J Strength Cond Res. 2011 Dec; 25(12): 3461-71
-
Pryor, J. L., et al. Effect of betaine supplementation on cycling sprint performance. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2012 Apr 3; 9(1): 12.
-
Apicella, J. M., et al. Betaine supplementation enhances anabolic endocrine and Akt signaling in response to acute bouts of exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2013 Mar; 113(3): 793-802.
-
Cholewa, J. M., et al. Effects of betaine on body composition, performance, and homocysteine thiolactone. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2013 Aug 22; 10(1): 39.
REFERENCES
Beta Alanine
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Hoffman, J., Ratamess, N., Kang, J., Mangine, G., Faigenbaum, A., & Stout, J. (2006). Effect of creatine and ß-alanine supplementation on performance and endocrine responses in strength/power athletes. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 16, 430-446.
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Hoffman, J. R., Ratamess, N. A., Faigenbaum, A. D., Ross, R., Kang, J., Stout, J. R., & Wise, J. A. (2008). Short-durationBeta-alanine supplementation increases training volume and reduces subjective feelings of fatigue in college football players. Nutrition Research, 28(1), 31-35.
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Kendrick IP, Harris RC, Kim HJ, Kim CK, Dang VH, Lam TQ, Bui TT, Smith M, and Wise JA. The effects of 10 weeks of resistance training combined with beta-alanine supplementation on whole body strength, force production, muscular endurance and body composition. Amino Acids 34: 547-554, 2008.
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Stout, J. R., Graves, B. S., Smith, A. E., Hartman, M. J., Cramer, J. T., Beck, T. W., & Harris, R. C. (2008). The effect of beta-alanine supplementation on neuromuscular fatigue in elderly (55-92 years): a double-blind randomized study.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 5(1), 1-6.
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Zoeller, R. F., Stout, J. R., O'kroy, J. A., Torok, D. J., & Mielke, M. (2007). Effects of 28 days of beta-alanine and creatine monohydrate supplementation on aerobic power, ventilatory and lactate thresholds, and time to exhaustion.Amino Acids, 33(3), 505-510.
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Hill, C. A., Harris, R. C., Kim, H. J., Harris, B. D., Sale, C., Boobis, L. H., ... & Wise, J. A. (2007). Influence of ?-alanine supplementation on skeletal muscle carnosine concentrations and high intensity cycling capacity. Amino Acids, 32(2), 225-233.
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Smith, A. E., Walter, A. A., Graef, J. L., Kendall, K. L., Moon, J. R., Lockwood, C. M., ... & Stout, J. R. (2009). Effects of ?-alanine supplementation and high-intensity interval training on endurance performance and body composition in men; a double-blind trial. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 6(1), 1-9.
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Kern, B., & Robinson, T. (2009). Effects of beta-alanine supplementation on performance and body composition in collegiate wrestlers and football players. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 6, 1-2.
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Stout JR, Cramer JT, Zoeller RF, Torok D, Costa P, Hoffman JR, Harris RC, and O'Kroy J. Effects of beta-alanine supplementation on the onset of neuromuscular fatigue and ventilatory threshold in women. Amino Acids 32: 381-386, 2007.
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Donovan, T., Ballam, T., Morton, J. P., & Close, G. L. (2012). B-alanine improves punch force and frequency in amateur boxers during a simulated contest. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism, 22(5), 331-337.
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Artioli GG, Gualano B, Smith A, Stout J, and Lancha AH, Jr.(201). Role of beta-alanine supplementation on muscle carnosine and exercise performance. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise. 42, 1162-1173.
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Harris, R. C., Tallon, M. J., Dunnett, M., Boobis, L., Coakley, J., Kim, H. J., ... & Wise, J. A. (2006). The absorption of orally supplied B-alanine and its effect on muscle carnosine synthesis in human vastus lateralis. Amino acids, 30(3), 279-289.
L-Citrulline Malate
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Performance and Relieves Muscle Soreness. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research 2010;24(5):1215-22 10.519/JSC.0b013e3181cb28e0.
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Orozco-Gutierrez JJ, Castillo-Martinez L, Orea-Tejeda A, et al. Effect of L-arginine or L-citrulline oral supplementation on blood pressure and right ventricular function in heart failure patients with preserved ejection fraction. Cardiology journal 2010;17(6):612-8.
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Sureda A, Cordova A, Ferrer M, Perez G, Tur J, Pons A. l-Citrulline-malate influence over branched chain amino acid utilization during exercise. European Journal of Applied Physiology 2010;110(2):341-51. doi: 10.1007/s00421-010-1509-4.
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Effects of L-citrulline oral supplementation on polymorphonuclear neutrophils oxidative burst and nitric oxide production after exercise. Free Radical Research 2009;43(9):828-35. doi: doi:10.1080/10715760903071664.
Creatine HCL
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Nelson, A. G., Arnall, D. A., Kokkonen, J., Day, R., & Evans, J. (2001). Muscle glycogen supercompensation is enhanced by prior creatine supplementation. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 33(7), 1096-1100.
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Santos, R. V. T., Bassit, R. A., Caperuto, E. C., & Rosa, L. C. (2004). The effect of creatine supplementation upon inflammatory and muscle soreness markers after a 30km race. Life Sciences, 75(16), 1917-1924.
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Lopez, R. M., Casa, D. J., McDermott, B. P., Ganio, M. S., Armstrong, L. E., & Maresh, C. M. (2009). Does creatine supplementation hinder exercise heat tolerance or hydration status? A systematic review with meta-analyses.Journal of Athletic Training, 44(2), 215.
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Johnell, O., & Kanis, J. A. (2006). An estimate of the worldwide prevalence and disability associated with osteoporotic fractures. Osteoporosis International,17(12), 1726-1733.
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Melton, L. J., Atkinson, E. J., O'Connor, M. K., O'Fallon, W. M., & Riggs, B. L. (1998). Bone density and fracture risk in men. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 13(12), 1915-1923.
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Melton, J. L. (1995). Perspectives: how many women have osteoporosis now?. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 10(2), 175-177.
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Center, J. R., Nguyen, T. V., Schneider, D., Sambrook, P. N., & Eisman, J. A. (1999). Mortality after all major types of osteoporotic fracture in men and women: an observational study. The Lancet, 353(9156), 878-882.
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Chilibeck, P.D., Chrusch, M.J., Chad, K.E., Shawn Davison, K., & Burke, D.G. (2005). Creatine monohydrate and resistance training increase bone mineral content and density in older men. Journal of Nutrition Health and Aging, 9(5), 352-3.
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Gualano, B., de Salles Painneli, V., Roschel, H., Artioli, G. G., Junior, M. N., Lucia de Sa Pinto, A., ... & Lancha, A. H. J. (2011). Creatine in type 2 diabetes: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 43(5), 770-778.
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Gualano, B., Novaes, R. B., Artioli, G. G., Freire, T. O., Coelho, D. F., Scagliusi, F. B., ... & Lancha Jr, A. H. (2008). Effects of creatine supplementation on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in sedentary healthy males undergoing aerobic training. Amino Acids, 34(2), 245-250.
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Op't Eijnde, B., Ursø, B., Richter, E. A., Greenhaff, P. L., & Hespel, P. (2001). Effect of oral creatine supplementation on human muscle GLUT4 protein content after immobilization. Diabetes, 50(1), 18-23.
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Johnston, A. P., Burke, D. G., MacNeil, L. G., & Candow, D. G. (2009). Effect of creatine supplementation during cast-induced immobilization on the preservation of muscle mass, strength, and endurance. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 23(1), 116-120.
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Dechent, P., Pouwels, P. J. W., Wilken, B., Hanefeld, F., & Frahm, J. (1999). Increase of total creatine in human brain after oral supplementation of creatine-monohydrate. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 277(3), R698-R704.
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Watanabe, A., Kato, N., & Kato, T. (2002). Effects of creatine on mental fatigue and cerebral hemoglobin oxygenation. Neuroscience Research, 42(4), 279-285.
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Rahimi, R. (2011). Creatine supplementation decreases oxidative DNA damage and lipid peroxidation induced by a single bout of resistance exercise. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 25(12), 3448-3455.
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Sullivan, P. G., Geiger, J. D., Mattson, M. P., & Scheff, S. W. (2000). Dietary supplement creatine protects against traumatic brain injury. Annals of Neurology, 48(5), 723-729.
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Scheff, S. W., & Dhillon, H. S. (2004). Creatine-enhanced diet alters levels of lactate and free fatty acids after experimental brain injury. Neurochemical Research, 29(2), 469-479.
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Sakellaris, G., Kotsiou, M., Tamiolaki, M., Kalostos, G., Tsapaki, E., Spanaki, M., ... & Evangeliou, A. (2006). Prevention of complications related to traumatic brain injury in children and adolescents with creatine administration: an open label randomized pilot study. Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, 61(2), 322-329.
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Sakellaris, G., Nasis, G., Kotsiou, M., Tamiolaki, M., Charissis, G., & Evangeliou, A. (2008). Prevention of traumatic headache, dizziness and fatigue with creatine administration. A pilot study. Acta Paediatrica, 97(1), 31-34.
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Smith, R. N., Agharkar, A. S., & Gonzales, E. B. (2014). A review of creatine supplementation in age-related diseases: more than a supplement for athletes. F1000Research, 3.
L-Tyrosine
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Wurtman, RJ, and Lewis MC. Exercise, plasma composition and neurotransmission. In: Advances in Nutrition and Top Sport, edited by Brouns F.. Basel: Karger, 1991, vol. 32, p. 94-109.
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Romanowski, W, and Grabiec S. The role of serotonin in the mechanism of central fatigue. Acta Physiol Pol 25: 127-134, 1974.
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Lieberman, HR, Corkin S, Spring BJ, Wurtman RJ, and Growden JH. The effects of dietary neurotransmitter precursors on human behavior. Am J Clin Nutr 42: 366-370, 1985.
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Banderet, LE, and Lieberman HR. Treatment with tyrosine, a neurotransmitter precursor, reduces environmental stress in humans. Brain Res Bull 22: 759-762, 1989.
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Gelenberg AJ, Gibson CJ, Wojcik JD. Neurotransmitter precursors for the treatment of depression. Psychopharmacol Bull 1982;18:7-18.
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Meyer JS, Welch KMA, Deshmuckh VD, et al. Neurotransmitter precursor amino acids in the treatment of multi-infarct dementia and Alzheimer's disease. J Am Geriatr Soc 1977;7:289-98.
Betaine Anhydrous
- Lee E.C., et al. Ergogenic effects of betaine supplementation on strength and power performance. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2010 Jul 19; 7: 27.
- Trepanowski, J. F, et al. The effects of chronic betaine supplementation on exercise performance, skeletal muscle oxygen saturation and associated biochemical parameters in resistance trained men. J Strength Cond Res. 2011 Dec; 25(12): 3461-71
- Pryor, J. L., et al. Effect of betaine supplementation on cycling sprint performance. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2012 Apr 3; 9(1): 12.
- Apicella, J. M., et al. Betaine supplementation enhances anabolic endocrine and Akt signaling in response to acute bouts of exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol. 2013 Mar; 113(3): 793-802.
- Cholewa, J. M., et al. Effects of betaine on body composition, performance, and homocysteine thiolactone. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2013 Aug 22; 10(1): 39.
Taurine
- Azuma J, Takahisa K, Awata N, Ohta H, Hamaguchi H, Harada H, Takihara K, Hasegawa H, Yamagami R, Ishiyama T, Iwata H, Kishimoto S (1985) Therapeutic effect of taurine in congestive heart failure: a double-blind crossover trial. Clin Cardiol 8: 276–282
- Baba A, Lee E, Tatsuno T, Iwata H (1982) Cysteine sulfinic acid in the central nervous system: antagonistic effect of taurine on cysteine sulfinic acid-stimulated formation of cyclic AMP in guinea pig hippocampal slices. J Neurochem 38: 1280–1285
- Bousquet P, Feldman J, Bloch R, Schwartz J (1981) Tag antagonises the central cardiovascular effects of taurine. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 219: 213–218
- Chazov EI, Malchikova LS, Lipiva NV, Asafov GB, Smirnov VN (1974) Taurine and electrical activity of the heart. Circ Res 35: 11–21
- Costill DL, Palsky GP, Fink WJ (1978) Effects of caffeine ingestion on metabolism and exercise performance. Med Sci Sports 10: 155
- Franconi F, Stendardi MI, Failli P, Antonini G, Bennardini F, Matucci R, Manzini S, Giotti A (1983) Taurine antagonizes the alpha-adrenergic positive inotropic effect of phenylephrine. In:
- Kuriyama K, Huxtable RJ, Iwata H (eds) Sulfur amino acids: Biochemical and clinical aspects: 51–60
- Geiß K-R, Jester I, Askali F, Förster H, Hamm M, Böhmer D (1993) Auswirkungen fruktose- und glukosehaltiger Getränke auf die körperliche Leistungsfähigkeit bei 9 Triathleten. Dtsch Sportärztekongreß Paderborn (publication in preparation)
Geiß K-R, Nöcker J, Waag K-L, Queeney D (1991) Individual calorie calculation and sportspecific nutrient distribution in 100 high-performance athletes to increase performance. Int J Sports Med 12: 122 - Huxtable RJ, Bressler R (1973) Effect of taurine on a muscle intracellular membrane. Biochim Biophys Acta 323: 573–583
Huxtable RJ (1992) Physiological actions of taurine. Physiological Rev 72 1: 128 - IBL (1993) Radioimmunoassays zur quantitativen Bestimmung der Katecholamine Noradrenalin und Adrenalin in Plasma und Urin. dbm bulletin: 1–20
- Inoue A, Takahashi H, Lee L, Iyoda I, Sasaki S, Ijichi H (1985) Centrally induced vasodepressor and sympathetic nerve responses to taurine. Jpn Circ J 49: 1180–1184
- Jacobs DS (ed) (1988) Laboratory test handbook. Laxi-Comp/Mosby, Cleveland, p 139
- Livesey JH, Hodgkinson SC, Roud HR, Donald RA (1980) hGH-analysing methods. Clin Biochem 13: 151
- Mal'Chikova LS, Elizarova EP (1981) Taurine and cAMP content in the heart. Kardiologiya 21: 85–89
- Mal'Chikova LS, Speranskaia NV, Elizarova EP (1979) Effect of taurine on the cAMP and cGMP content in the rat heart in stress. Byull Eksp Biol Med 87: 134–137
Muramatsu M, Kakita K, Kuriyama K (1978) Amodulating tole of taurine on release of acetyl choline and norapinephrine from neuronal tissue. Jpn J Pharmacol 28: 259–268 - Ono M, Watanabe M, Minato K (1987) Effects of taurine on the metabolism under physical exercise. Sulfur Amino Acids 10: 183–186
- Pasantes-Morales H (1982) Taurine-calcium interactions in frog rod outer segments; taurine effects on an ATP-dependent calcium translocation process. Vision Res 22: 1487–1493
- Pasantes-Morales H, Martin DL, Ordonez A (1982) Taurine activation of a bicarbonatcdependent, ATP-supported calcium uptake in frog rod outer segments. Neurochem Res 7: 317–328
- Sherman WM, Brodowicz GR, Wright DA, Allen WK, Simonsen J, Dernbach A (1989) Effects of 4th preexercise carbohydrate feedings on cycling performance. Med Sci Sports Exer 21: 598–604
- Trout DL, Estes EH, Friedberg SJ (1969) Microdetermination of long chain fatty acids in plasma and tissues. J Lipid Res 1: 199
Caffeine Anhydrous
- Duncan, M. J., Smith, M., Cook, K., & James, R. S. (2012). The acute effect of a caffeine-containing energy drink on mood state, readiness to invest effort, and resistance exercise to failure. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 26(10), 2858-2865.
- Trexler, E. T., Smith-Ryan, A. E., Roelofs, E. J., Hirsch, K. R., & Mock, M. G. (2015). Effects of coffee and caffeine anhydrous on strength and sprint performance. European Journal of Sport Science, 1-9.
- Beck, T. W., Housh, T. J., Schmidt, R. J., Johnson, G. O., Housh, D. J., Coburn, J. W., & Malek, M. H. (2006). The acute effects of a caffeine-containing supplement on strength, muscular endurance, and anaerobic capabilities. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 20(3), 506-510.
- Sökmen, B., Armstrong, L. E., Kraemer, W. J., Casa, D. J., Dias, J. C., Judelson, D. A., & Maresh, C. M. (2008). Caffeine use in sports: considerations for the athlete. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 22(3), 978-986.
- Church, D. D., Hoffman, J. R., LaMonica, M. B., Riffe, J. J., Hoffman, M. W., Baker, K. M., ... & Stout, J. R. (2015). The effect of an acute ingestion of Turkish coffee on reaction time and time trial performance. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 12(1), 1-11.
- Hurley, C. F., Hatfield, D. L., & Riebe, D. A. (2013). The effect of caffeine ingestion on delayed onset muscle soreness. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 27(11), 3101-3109.
- Pedersen, D. J., Lessard, S. J., Coffey, V. G., Churchley, E. G., Wootton, A. M., Watt, M. J., & Hawley, J. A. (2008). High rates of muscle glycogen resynthesis after exhaustive exercise when carbohydrate is coingested with caffeine. Journal of Applied Physiology, 105(1), 7-13.
- Gahreman, D., Wang, R., Boutcher, Y., & Boutcher, S. (2015). Green Tea, Intermittent Sprinting Exercise, and Fat Oxidation. Nutrients, 7(7), 5646-5663.
- Hodgson, A. B., Randell, R. K., & Jeukendrup, A. E. (2013). The effect of green tea extract on fat oxidation at rest and during exercise: evidence of efficacy and proposed mechanisms. Advances in Nutrition: An International Review Journal, 4(2), 129-140.
- Vaughan, R. A., Conn, C. A., & Mermier, C. M. (2014). Effects of commercially available dietary supplements on resting energy expenditure: a brief report. ISRN nutrition, 2014.
- Goldstein, E. R., Ziegenfuss, T., Kalman, D., Kreider, R., Campbell, B., Wilborn, C., ... & Wildman, R. (2010). International society of sports nutrition position stand: caffeine and performance. Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 7(1), 5.
- RX-1
- PRO-30G
- RX-3
RX-1 X-CITE
For increased focus and energy, mix 1 scoop of X-CITE with 8-12 ounces of water approximately 30-45 minutes before training. If this is your first time using X-CITE or you have sensitivity to caffeine, assess your individual tolerance by starting with ¾ to ½ of a scoop or using more water.
PRO-30G
Mix 1 scoop with 8-12 ounces of milk. Mix with fruit or your favorite ingredients to create a protein dense shake. Add into oatmeal, pancakes or any other dry mix for an extra boost of protein. You can use PRO-30G with milk or water as a meal replacement, snack, as an additional protein source or as a post workout supplement for improved muscle growth.
RX-3 RECONSTRUXION
For enhanced muscle recovery, mix 1 scoop with 8-12 ounces of water and take daily. Use ReconstruXion daily as a recovery aid and to assist in blunting the effects of DOMS after sessions of intense training.
- BASE STACK
- RX-1
- PRO-30G
- RX-3
BASE STACK
We don’t recommend that you mix them as the tastes are not complementary to each other. You technically can take them back to back, it won’t negate any of the effects. It’s not the best practice however and not recommended.
Our base stack is a great option for budget conscience athletes. If however, you were serious about maximizing your muscle building efforts you could upgrade to our muscle stack. If you’re an older lifter you may consider adding in our fish oil and/or MECHAN-X.
X-CITE provides a clinically effective dosage of 2g CON-CRET® Creatine HCL.
All of our supplements are proudly produced in the US using the highest industry standards.
When I set out to determine doses of ingredients, I looked to the scientific literature.
Specifically, I reviewed every well-designed, well-executed, peer-reviewed study I could find on the molecule and find the dose that confers the maximum benefits with the minimum side effects.
These doses are known as “clinically effective doses” because they are backed by scientific studies and demonstrated to produce the desired effects. Simply having an ingredient on the supplement facts panel doesn’t ensure that you’re getting enough of the ingredient to cause the desired effect.
RX-1 X-CITE
X-CITE provides a rush of energy with no crash or jitters, whereas other pre-workouts can leave you feeling edgy and burned out.
This crash is usually caused by the type and amount of stimulants found in many pre-workouts, which are also known to cause anxiety, headaches, and stomach aches.
The only stimulant in X-CITE is a dose of caffeine similar to a small cup of Starbucks coffee.
The next thing you’ll probably notice when you take X-CITE is your workouts are significantly better than they are with other pre-workouts.
This is because each ingredient in X-CITE is backed by sound, scientific research - proving its performance benefits and included in the doses required to actually deliver on them.
We hear from first-time users every day that say they’ll never use another pre-workout again.
One of the great things about X-CITE’s formula is that it improves performance in both anaerobic and aerobic training.
Not just for weightlifting but cardio and endurance training as well. Anytime you want energy and focus to spare.
You can take it before a weightlifting workout and see benefits like increased strength and muscle endurance as well as before a cardio session and see benefits like increased intensity and endurance.
Whatever type of training you do, X-CITE is going to help you do it better.
Yes! One thing to consider is the dosages were calculated for an average sized male athlete. People that are smaller in size, 120lbs or less, may wish to start with ½ or ¾ of a scoop.
Supplementation can be a great addition to serious athletes seeking to take their gains to the next level. With that said, the supplement industry isn’t regulated the same way the Food and Drug industries are. What that means is that unscrupulous supplement companies can underdose their blends, use fillers or unproven and perhaps dangerous chemicals. All ATHLEAN-RX supplements are clinically dosed for effectiveness and composed of the safest, most trusted, and tested ingredients in the industry. They are also used by many pro athletes as well as multiple teams in Major League Baseball. Last but not least, they are the only supplement that I personally put into my body.
When I set out to determine doses of ingredients, I looked to the scientific literature.
Specifically, I reviewed every well-designed, well-executed, peer-reviewed study I could find on the ingredient and find the dosage that confers the maximum benefits with the minimum side effects.
These doses are known as “clinically effective doses” because they are backed by studies and demonstrated to produce the desired effects. Simply having an ingredient on the supplement facts panel doesn’t ensure that you’re getting enough of the ingredient to cause the desired effect.
All of our supplements are proudly produced in the US using the highest industry standards.
The only side effect that sometimes surprises people is a tingling feeling, usually felt in the face.
This is a harmless side effect of CarnoSyn® Beta-Alanine called Paresthesia. It isn’t an allergic reaction or cause for concern. Some people actually enjoy the tingling sensation. Additionally, X-CITE is produced in a facility that processes peanuts, milk, eggs and wheat. Athletes with sensitivities to these foods may wish to consult with their physician before taking this product.
All our supplements are monitored and formulated to meet the tastes of our users based on their feedback. With that said, tastes vary from individual to individual. If you find the taste too sweet or too intense simply mix in more water or use a smaller scoop until you strike the right balance for your needs.
The only ingredient that you may build a tolerance to is caffeine. People who consume large amounts of caffeine in their diet may want to increase the dosage to 1 and ½ scoops.
Additionally you can reduce your caffeine intake on non-training days.
We don’t recommend more than one serving of X-CITE per day because research shows that intake shouldn’t exceed 6 milligrams of caffeine per kg of body weight per day (about 400 milligrams for the average person).
It’s also worth noting that most of caffeine’s benefits are seen in the range of 200 to 400 milligrams per day so exceeding that would derive no additional benefits.
All ingredients are displayed on every container of every one of our supplements. Complete transparency for your peace of mind.
All flavors are GMO free except for Icy Berry Blast.
No. L-Tyrosine is produced from animal sources.
No. L-Tyrosine is produced from animal sources.
PRO-30G
Commonly accepted calculations range between 0.7-1.2 grams of protein per pound of body weight. As you can see, even while maintaining a healthy diet composed of nutrient-rich foods it can become challenging to meet these requirements on a day-to-day basis thus the benefits of supplementing with a protein supplement such as PRO-30G will help to meet your protein needs.
Protein powder can be used anytime and anywhere to help you meet your protein needs.
With that said, from my experience most people are not getting enough protein, especially athletes who engage in intense training. For this reason supplementing with a quality protein like PRO-30G is a great first step.
All of our supplements are proudly produced in the US using the highest industry standards.
There is certainly nothing wrong with women taking PRO-30G however our RX-4 Protein for Women contains 20 grams of high quality protein while also including ingredients that women could benefit from such as additional doses of calcium, Vitamin D, and Resveratrol.
When I set out to determine doses of ingredients, I looked to the scientific literature.
Specifically, I reviewed every well-designed, well-executed, peer-reviewed study I could find on the molecule and find the dose that confers the maximum benefits with the minimum side effects.
These doses are known as “clinically effective doses” because they are backed by scientific studies and demonstrated to produce the desired effects. Simply having an ingredient on the supplement facts panel doesn’t ensure that you’re getting enough of the ingredient to cause the desired effect.
PRO-30G contains both milk and egg products so people with severe allergies to one or both of those foods may be sensitive to taking PRO-30G. Additionally, PRO-30G is produced in a facility that processes peanuts and wheat. Athletes with sensitivities to these foods may wish to consult with their physician before taking this product.
All our supplements are monitored and formulated to meet the tastes of our users based on their feedback. With that said, tastes vary from individual to individual. If you find the taste of PRO-30G to be too sweet simply mix in more milk. Additionally you may use a smaller scoop or add in your favorite fruit until you strike the perfect balance for your tastes.
Since PRO-30G can be used as a post workout supplement and a meal replacement you are not limited to how much you can use. With that said, here at ATHLEAN-X we recommend getting the majority of your nutrients and calories from nutritious, whole foods as outlined in our X-FACTOR meal plan. You should only be using our supplements to fill in any gaps in your nutrition plan.
Frosted Cinnamon Bun is GMO free.
PRO-30G contains dairy and egg products.
No. PRO-30G Contains dairy and egg products.
RX-3 RECONSTRUXION
Yes! Women will receive the same muscle recovery benefits as men when taking ReconstruXion regularly.
Nutrition facts panels are calculated for people on a 2000 calorie diet, so people under 120lbs or following a low calorie diet may wish to use smaller servings of ReconstruXion.
When I set out to determine doses of ingredients, I looked to the scientific literature.
Specifically, I reviewed every well-designed, well-executed, peer-reviewed study I could find on the molecule and find the dose that confers the maximum benefits with the minimum side effects.
These doses are known as “clinically effective doses” because they are backed by scientific studies and demonstrated to produce the desired effects. Simply having an ingredient on the supplement facts panel doesn’t ensure that you’re getting enough of the ingredient to cause the desired effect.
L-Glutamine is most commonly used for improving healing time following injuries or surgery. It can also help speed recovery time between training sessions due to an increase in nitrogen levels in the muscle cells which assists in protein synthesis. L-Glutamine is also recognized for boosting the immune system, increasing energy levels and helping to regulate blood sugar levels. Since ReconstruXion contains a very high clinical dose of L-Glutamine users are able to glean the desired effects of this powerful Amino Acid.
Glutamine FAQ's "The Ministry of Fitness", 2000
Glutamine Q&A "Pas-Fitness", New Castle, DE, 2002
All of our supplements are proudly produced in the US using the highest industry standards.
ReconstruXion is produced in a facility that processes peanuts, eggs, milk and wheat. Athletes with sensitivities to these foods may wish to consult with their physician before taking this product.
All our supplements have been monitored and formulated to meet the tastes of our users based on their feedback. However, BCAAs typically possess an extremely bitter taste profile. Leucine, which is considered to be the most effective of the three BCAAs at promoting muscle protein synthesis, is also the most bitter. As a result, the higher the leucine concentration, the more bitter and unpalatable the product becomes. If you find the taste of ReconstruXion to be too bitter, simply mix in more water. Additionally you may use a smaller scoop until you strike the perfect balance for your tastes.
We recommend using ReconstruXion once daily on training and non training days . You can take ReconstruXion after your workouts on training days or anytime on non-training days.
Crisp Green Apple and Twisted Lemon Lime are both GMO free.
No. L-Leucine is produced from animal products.
No. L-Leucine is produced from animal products.
CON-CRET® Creatine HCL
of Vireo Systems, Inc.
Patents: www.vireosystems.com/patents
CarnoSyn® Beta-Alanine
